X
Advanced Search

Evaluation of high-resolution and depth-encoding PET detector modules based on single-ended readout with TOFPET2 ASIC

Funds: 

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant Number 11735013].

More Information
  • Received Date: April 25, 2021
  • Revised Date: June 07, 2021
  • Accepted Date: June 21, 2021
  • Available Online: October 16, 2022
  • Published Date: July 05, 2021
  • Purpose We developed a low-complexity, high-resolution depth-of-interaction (DOI) capable positron emission tomography (PET) detector and tested its performance to prove that it can be applied to practical PET instruments.
    Methods The detector module consists of a 24 × 24 LYSO crystal matrix, each with dimension of 1.04 × 1.04 × 15mm3, optically coupled to an 8 × 8 SiPM photo-sensor array with TOFPET2 ASIC single-ended readout. By only adding a light guide at the top of the crystal to reflect scintillation light back to the SiPM array, the continuous DOI information is extracted using a light sharing and redirection encoding method without adding system complexity.
    Results The crystal array with 9-to-1 coupling between scintillators and photo-sensors can be clearly separated in the flood image. The other detector performance in terms of DOI resolution, energy resolution and coincidence time resolution are measured on average as 4.1 mm, 15.0% and 432 ps, respectively.
    Conclusion The test results confirm that the light sharing and redirection DOI encoding method can provide reasonably high DOI resolution without deteriorating other performance, even for highly pixelated PET detectors readout with commercially available ASIC chip. It has great potential for applications in future pre-clinical and organ-dedicated PET scanners.
  • [1]
    A. Guerra and N. Belcari, Positron Emission Tomography: Its 65 years. (La Rivista del Nuovo Cimento 2016). https://doi.org/10.1393/ncr/i2016-10122-6
    [2]
    Z.H. Kuang et al., Performance of a high-resolution depth encoding PET detector using barium sulfate reflector. Phys. Med. Biol. 62, 5945 (2017)
    [3]
    T. Liu, M. Niu et al., A ~0.7 mm Spatial Resolution All-digital Animal PET System using Improved Trans-PET Detectors. NSS/MIC/RTSD 2016
    [4]
    J. Du, X. Bai et al., Performance of a high-resolution depth-encoding PET detector module using linearly-graded SiPM arrays. Phys. Mel. Biol. 63, 035035 (2018)
    [5]
    Z.H. Kuang, X. Wang et al., Dual-ended readout small animal PET detector by using 0.5mm pixelated LYSO crystal arrays and SiPMs. Nuclear Inst. Methods Phys. Res. A 917, 1–8 (2019)
    [6]
    W. Moses, Fundamental limits of spatial resolution in PET. NIMA, 2010.11.092.
    [7]
    H. Anger, Scintillation camera. Rev. Sci. Instrum 29, 27 (1958)
    [8]
    Z. Kuang, Z. Sang et al., Development of depth encoding small animal PET detectors using dual-ended readout of pixelated scintillator arrays with SiPMs. Med. Phys. 45(2), 613–621 (2018)
    [9]
    E. Yoshida, G. Hirumi et al., Four-layered DOI-PET detector with quadrisected top layer crystals. Nuclear Instrum. Methods Phys. Res Sect A: Accel. Spectrom. Detectors Assoc. Equip. 933, 1–7 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2019.04.023
    [10]
    B. Zhao, Z. Kuang et al., Depth encoding PET detectors using single layer crystal array with different reflector arrangements along depths. Nuclear Instrum. Methods Phys. Res Sect A: Accel. Spectrom. Detectors Assoc. Equip. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2019.162600
    [11]
    M. Pizzichemi, G. Stringhini et al., A new method for depth of interaction determination in PET detectors. Phys. Mel. Biol. 61, 4679–4698 (2016)
    [12]
    G. Stringhini, M. Pizzichemi et al., Development and evaluation of a practical method to measure the Depth of Interaction function for a single side readout PET detector. 2016 JINST 11 P11014.
    [13]
    M. Pizzichemi, A. Polesel, et al., On light sharing TOF-PET modules with depth of interaction and 157ps FWHM coincidence time resolution. Phys. Mel. Biol. (2019)
    [14]
    PETsys Electronics, Oeiras, Portugal, TOFPET2: a high-performance ASIC for time and amplitude measurements of SiPM signals in time-of-flight applications. www.petsyselectronics.com/web/
    [15]
    E. Lamprou, F. Sanchez et al., In-depth evaluation of TOF-PET detectors based on crystal arrays and the TOFPET2 ASIC. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2020.164295
    [16]
    L.W. Wang, Y.G. Wang, M.C. Wang, Energy calibration using scintillator background radiation for high-resolution PET detectors. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2020.164202
    [17]
    ON semiconductor application note, Linearity of the Silicon Photomultiplier. AND9776/D, Sep. 2018—Rev.2, www.onsemi.com
    [18]
    M. Li, S. Abbaszadeh, Depth-of-interaction study of a dual-readout detector based on TOFPET2 application-specific integrated circuit. Phys. Med. Biol. 64, 108 (2019)
  • Mingchen Wang, Yonggang Wang, Liwei Wang. Evaluation of high-resolution and depth-encoding PET detector modules based on single-ended readout with TOFPET2 ASIC[J]. Radiation Detection Technology and Methods, 2021, 5(3): 451-458. DOI: 10.1007/s41605-021-00270-9
    Citation: Mingchen Wang, Yonggang Wang, Liwei Wang. Evaluation of high-resolution and depth-encoding PET detector modules based on single-ended readout with TOFPET2 ASIC[J]. Radiation Detection Technology and Methods, 2021, 5(3): 451-458. DOI: 10.1007/s41605-021-00270-9
  • Cited by

    Periodical cited type(1)

    1. T.C. Wu, F. Sutanto, V.A. Li, et al. Calibration of a compact ASIC-based data acquisition system for neutron/γ discrimination and spectroscopy with organic scintillators. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2023, 1057: 168699. DOI:10.1016/j.nima.2023.168699

    Other cited types(0)

Catalog

    Article views (13) PDF downloads (0) Cited by(1)

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return